Ni ubuhe buryo bw'iminota myinshi?

Ni ubuhe buryo bw'iminota myinshi?

Inzira nyinshi ni ibikoresho bigenzura imiyoboro y'amazi mubyerekezo bitandukanye. Bakoreshwa cyane mu nganda zitandukanye, harimo na peteroli na gaze, ibisekuru by'amashanyarazi, n'imiti. Inzira nyinshi zirashobora gukurikiranwa nintoki, muburyo bwa mashini, amashanyarazi, cyangwa kwiteranya, bitewe nibisabwa. Iyi ngingo izibanda ku mfashanyigisho nyinshi, ubwoko bwayo, kubaka, amahame yakazi, gusaba, ibyiza, n'ibibi.

Igitabo cyiminota-inzira ya valve ubwoko

Imfashanyigisho nyinshi zinyuranye zishingiye ku mubare w'ibyambu n'imyanya. Hariho ubwoko butatu bwibitabo byinshi bikurikirana byibyambu: inzira eshatu, inzira enye, nuburyo butandatu. Umubare wimyanya muburyo bwinshi-inzira yintwari irashobora kuba ebyiri, eshatu, cyangwa zirenga. Igitabo gikunze kugaragara cyane valve inzira enye, inzira eshatu.

Inzira eshatu zifite ibyambu bitatu: urubuga rumwe na oflets ebyiri. Urujya n'uruza rw'amazi rushobora kwerekezwa mu buryo bushingiye ku butegetsi bitewe n'umwanya wa valve. Inzira eshatu zikoreshwa mubisabwa zisaba guhinduranya hagati yimbere, nko kuyobya hagati y'ibigega bibiri.

Inzira enye ifite ibyambu bine: Inlets ebyiri na oflets ebyiri. Urujya n'uruza rw'amazi rushobora kwerekezwa hagati y'ibirori byombi cyangwa hejuru cyangwa hagati yinzobere hamwe nijwi rimwe, bitewe numwanya wa valve. Inzira enye zikoreshwa mubisabwa zisaba guhindura icyerekezo kiri hagati ya sisitemu ebyiri, nko guhindura icyerekezo cya silinderi ya hydraulic.

Inzira-eshanu ifite ibyambu bitanu: urubuga rumwe na endlets enye. Urujya n'uruza rw'amazi rushobora kwerekezwa kuri kimwe mu bice bine, bitewe n'umwanya wa valve. Inzira eshanu zikoreshwa mubisabwa zisaba kuyobya ibice hagati ya sisitemu nyinshi, nko kugenzura umwuka kuri silinderi nyinshi.

Igitabo cyintoki zirashobora kugira imyanya ibiri, itatu, cyangwa myinshi. Umwanya-wimyanya ibiri ufite imyanya ibiri gusa: fungura kandi ufunze. Imyanya itatu ifite imyanya itatu: Fungura, ifunze, n'umwanya wo hagati uhuza ibirenge byombi. Imirongo myinshi ifite imyanya irenze eshatu kandi ikoreshwa mubisabwa bisaba kugenzura neza amazi.

Kubaka icyitegererezo cyintangarugero

Igitabo cyiminota myinshi kigizwe numubiri, ikiganza cyangwa piston, na acton. Umubiri wa valve mubisanzwe ukozwe mumiringa, ibyuma, cyangwa aluminium kandi birimo ibyambu n'ibice byemerera amazi atemba binyuze muri valve. Ikigo cyangwa Piston nikintu cyimbere cya valve igenzura imigezi yimizi inyuze muri valve. Umukoresha ni uburyo bwimura ikiganza cyangwa piston kumyanya itandukanye yo kugenzura imiyoboro y'amazi.

Ikigo cyangwa piston yintoki za valve isanzwe ikozwe mubyuma cyangwa umuringa kandi ifite ibimenyetso bimwe cyangwa byinshi bibuza ibintu bimwe cyangwa byinshi bibuza amazi atemba hagati yibyambu. Ikigo cyangwa Piston byimuwe numukoresha, gishobora kuba umuyoboro wintoki, umwanya, cyangwa akazu. Actuator ifitanye isano nikirere cyangwa piston ku giti ginyura mu mubiri wa valve.

Ihame ryakazi ryigitabo cyintoki

Ihame ryakazi ryigitabo cyimyitwarire ya valve ishingiye kubigenda byimirongo cyangwa piston igenzura imigezi binyuze muri valve. Mumwanya utabogamye, ibyambu bya valve bifunze, kandi nta mazi ashobora gutemba binyuze muri valve. Iyo umukoresha yimuwe, spool cyangwa piston yimuka kumwanya utandukanye, gufungura ibyambu bimwe cyangwa byinshi hanyuma wemerera amazi atemba binyuze muri valve.

Muburyo butatu, spool cyangwa piston ifite imyanya ibiri: imwe ihuza inleti kumurongo wambere nundi uhuza inlet kumurongo wa kabiri. Iyo ibinyabuzima cyangwa piston biri mumwanya wambere, amazi atemba muri uruzitiro kugeza kumahitamo yambere, kandi iyo iri

Umwanya wa kabiri, amazi atemba ava muri ACLET kugeza isegonda ya kabiri.

Muburyo bubiri, ibinyamisogwe cyangwa piston bifite imyanya itatu: imwe ihuza inleti kumurongo wambere, imwe ihuza inleti kumurongo wa kabiri, hamwe nimpapuro zidafite aho zifungura aho nta byambu. Iyo ibinyabuzima cyangwa piston biri mumwanya wambere, amazi yatembaga kuri ACLET kugeza kumurongo wambere, kandi mugihe ari mumwanya wa kabiri, amazi atemba ava muri ACLET kugeza kumurongo wa kabiri. Mumwanya utabogamye, ibirango byombi birafunze.

Muburyo butanu, ibinyamisogwe cyangwa piston bifite imyanya ine: imwe ihuza inleti kumurongo wambere, imwe ihuza inleti kumurongo wa kabiri, naho bibiri bihuza urubuga kumwanya wa gatatu nuwa kane. Iyo ibinyabuzima cyangwa piston biri muri kimwe mumwanya ine, amazi atemba ava muri kileti kumurikagurisha.

Gusaba Ibikoresho Byinshi

Igitabo cyintoki cyinshi gikoreshwa mu nganda zinyuranye, harimo peteroli na gaze, ibisekuru by'amashanyarazi, no gutunganya imiti. Bimwe mubisanzwe bya porogaramu yintangarugero yintangarugero ni:

1. Sisitemu ya hydraulic: Igitabo cyintangarugero kikoreshwa muri sisitemu ya hydraulic kugenzura icyerekezo cyamazi. Kurugero, inzira yinzira enye irashobora gukoreshwa mugukoresha icyerekezo cyamazi muri silinderi ya hydraulic.
2. Sisitemu ya pneumatike: Uburyo bwinshi bwigitabo bukoreshwa muri sisitemu ya pneumatike kugirango igenzure urujya n'uruza rw'umwuka ufunzwe. Kurugero, inzira yinzira eshanu irashobora gukoreshwa muguhuza umwuka ufunzwe ukagera kuri sinimatike nyinshi.
3. Gutunganya imiti: Igitabo cyiminota myinshi gikoreshwa mubuvuzi bwo gutunganya imiti kugirango bigenzure imiti. Kurugero, inzira-eshatu zirashobora gukoreshwa muguhindura imiti hagati yigituba bibiri.
4. Sisitemu ya Hvac: Igitabo cyinshi kikoreshwa mugushyushya, guhumeka, nuburyo bwo guhumeka (hvac) sisitemu yo kugenzura imigezi cyangwa firigo. Kurugero, inzira yinzira enye irashobora gukoreshwa mugukoresha icyerekezo cya firigo itemba mu gihirahiro.

Ibyiza byimfashanyigisho

1. Imfashanyigisho nyinshi zikiranuka ziroroshye kandi zizewe.
2. Igitabo cyintoki cyimyitwarire kirashobora gukoreshwa utaba ngombwa amashanyarazi cyangwa igitutu cyikirere.
3. Imfashanyigisho nyinshi zidasanzwe ziroroshye gushiraho no kubungabunga.
4. Imfashanyigisho nyinshi zirashobora gukoreshwa muburyo butandukanye.

Ibibi by'iminota myinshi

1. Imfashanyigisho nyinshi zirahindura imikorere yintoki, ishobora kuba itwara igihe nakazi.
2. Igitabo cyiminota myinshi ntigishobora gutanga neza amazi.
3. Igitabo cyintoki cyinshi kirashobora kugorana gukora ahantu hakomeye.
4. Igitabo cyintoki cyinshi kirashobora guhitamo kumeneka niba kidakomeje neza.

Imfashanyigisho nyinshi zivanga ni ibice byingenzi munganda butandukanye, harimo na peteroli na gaze, ibisekuru byamashanyarazi, nibitunganyirizwa. Biroroshye, byizewe, kandi birashobora gukoreshwa muburyo butandukanye. Igitabo cyinshi kinyuranye kiza muburyo butandukanye, harimo nuburyo butatu, muburyo bune, nuburyo butanu, kandi bushobora kugira imyanya ibiri, eshatu, cyangwa izindi. Nubwo intoki nyinshi zifatika zisaba imikorere yintoki, biroroshye gushiraho no kubungabunga kandi birashobora gukoreshwa utaba ngombwa amashanyarazi cyangwa igitutu cyikirere. Ariko, ntibashobora gutanga igenzura nyaryo

berekeza kumeneka niba bidakomeje neza.

Mmampinal Inzira nyinshi zitanga igisubizo cyiza cyo kugenzura amazi atemba muburyo butandukanye aho kugenzura neza bidakenewe. Nibihitamo byoroshye kandi byizewe kunganda zisaba imikorere yintoki, kandi biroroshye gushiraho no kubungabunga. Mugihe bafite aho bagarukira, ibi birashobora guhungabana binyuze mubuyobozi bukwiye no kwitabwaho.

Ni ngombwa guhitamo ubwoko bwiza bwintangarugero ya valve yo gusaba kwawe, no kwemeza ko yashizwemo kandi ikomeza neza. Kubungabunga buri gihe no kugenzura birashobora gufasha kwirinda gutema no kwemeza ko valve ikorera nkuko yabigenewe. Niba utazi neza ubwoko bwiminota myinshi valve nibyiza kubisaba, birasabwa kugisha inama inzobere hamwe zishobora gutanga inama zubushake nubuyobozi.