Moteri ya Hydraulic na pompe hydraulic birasubiranamo mubijyanye namahame yakazi. Iyo amazi yinjiye muri pompe hydraulic, shaft yayo isohora umuvuduko na torque, ihinduka moteri ya hydraulic.
1. Banza umenye umuvuduko nyawo wa moteri ya hydraulic, hanyuma ubare ubushobozi bwa volumetricike ya moteri ya hydraulic, nicyo kigereranyo cyumuvuduko wa teoretiki nigipimo nyacyo cyo kwinjiza;
2. Umuvuduko wa moteri ya hydraulic ihwanye nikigereranyo kiri hagati yimyumvire yinjiza no kwimura moteri ya hydraulic, nayo ihwanye ninjiza nyayo yinjira yagwijwe nubushobozi bwa volumetric hanyuma igabanywa no kwimurwa;
3. Kubara itandukaniro ryumuvuduko hagati yimodoka nisohoka ya moteri ya hydraulic, kandi urashobora kuyibona uzi igitutu cyinjira nigitutu gisohoka;
4. Kubara urumuri rwa teworitiki ya pompe ya hydraulic, ifitanye isano n’itandukaniro ry’umuvuduko uri hagati yinjira n’isohoka rya moteri ya hydraulic no kwimuka;
5. Moteri ya hydraulic ifite igihombo cya mashini mubikorwa byakazi, bityo rero itara risohoka rigomba kuba theorique ya torque ukuyemo igihombo cya mashini;
Ibyiciro shingiro nibiranga ibiranga pompe na plunger hydraulic moteri
Ibiranga akazi biranga umuvuduko wa hydraulic bisaba ibice bya hydraulic kugira umuvuduko mwinshi, umuvuduko ukabije wakazi, impande zose zikorera imitwaro yo gutwara ibintu, ubuzima buke bwikigihe hamwe nibidukikije byiza.
Imiterere yo gufunga ibice hamwe nibikoresho byo gukwirakwiza byubwoko butandukanye, ubwoko nibirango bya pompe hydraulic na moteri ikoreshwa muri drives ya hydrostatike igezweho usanga ahanini ari bahuje ibitsina, bafite itandukaniro gusa muburyo burambuye, ariko uburyo bwo guhindura ibintu akenshi buratandukanye cyane.
Gutondekanya ukurikije urwego rwakazi
Mu buhanga bugezweho bwa hydraulic engineering, pompe zitandukanye zikoreshwa cyane cyane mumuvuduko wo hagati kandi mwinshi (urumuri rwumucyo na pompe ziciriritse, umuvuduko ntarengwa 20-35 MPa), umuvuduko mwinshi (pompe ziremereye, 40-56 MPa) hamwe numuvuduko ukabije (pompe zidasanzwe,> 56MPa) sisitemu ikoreshwa nkibintu byohereza amashanyarazi. Urwego rwo guhangayikishwa nakazi ni kimwe mubiranga ibyiciro.
Ukurikije isano iri hagati ya plunger na shitingi ya drake muburyo bwo guhindura ibintu, pompe ya plunger na moteri mubisanzwe bigabanyijemo ibyiciro bibiri: pisitori ya piston pompe / moteri na pisitori ya pisitori / moteri. Icyerekezo cyimigendere yambere ya plunger irasa cyangwa ihuza umurongo wa shitingi ya drake kugirango ikore inguni itarenze 45 °, mugihe plunger ya nyuma yimuka cyane kuri perpendicular kumurongo wa shitingi.
Mubintu bya axial plunger, mubisanzwe bigabanyijemo ubwoko bubiri: ubwoko bwa plaque ya swash nubwoko bwa shaft ihindagurika ukurikije uburyo bwo guhinduranya uburyo nuburyo bwimikorere hagati ya plunger na shitingi, ariko uburyo bwabo bwo gukwirakwiza burasa. Ubwoko bwa pompe ya pisitori ya radiyo iroroshye cyane, mugihe moteri ya piston ya radiyo ifite imiterere itandukanye, kurugero, irashobora kugabanywa ukurikije umubare wibikorwa
Ibyiciro byibanze bya pompe ya hydraulic pompe na moteri ya hydraulic ya moteri ya hydrostatike ukurikije uburyo bwo guhindura ibintu
Pompe hydraulic pompe igabanijwemo pompe hydraulic pompe na pompe hydraulic pompe. Amashanyarazi ya piston hydraulic pompe yongeye kugabanywamo pompe ya swash plate axial piston hydraulic pompe (pompe ya swash plaque) hamwe na pompe ya axial axial piston hydraulic pompe (pompe slant axis).
Amapompe ya pisitori ya pisitori ya pisitori igabanyijemo ibice byo gukwirakwiza imiyoboro ya radiyo piston hydraulic pompe hamwe no gukwirakwiza isura ya radiyo piston hydraulic pompe.
Moteri ya hydraulic ya piston igabanijwemo moteri ya piston hydraulic moteri na moteri ya piston hydraulic moteri. Moteri ya Axial piston hydraulic igabanijwemo moteri ya swash plate axial piston hydraulic moteri (moteri ya swash plate), moteri ya axis axial piston hydraulic moteri (moteri ya slant axis), hamwe na moteri ya axial piston hydraulic moteri.
Moteri ya radiyo piston hydraulic igabanyijemo moteri imwe ya radiyo piston hydraulic moteri hamwe na moteri ikora ya radiyo piston hydraulic moteri
(moteri y'imbere imbere)
Igikorwa cyogukwirakwiza ibikoresho ni ugukora silinderi ikora ya plunger ikora hamwe numuyoboro mwinshi hamwe numuvuduko muke mukuzunguruka kumuzunguruko kumwanya ukwiye hamwe nigihe, no kwemeza ko ahantu h'umuvuduko mwinshi kandi muke kubigize kandi mu muzunguruko uri muburyo ubwo aribwo bwose bwo kuzenguruka. kandi igihe cyose gikingiwe na kaseti ikwiye.
Ukurikije ihame ryakazi, igikoresho cyo gukwirakwiza ibicuruzwa gishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko butatu: ubwoko bwihuza bwubwoko, uburyo bwo gufungura igitutu butandukanye no gufunga ubwoko bwa solenoid valve gufungura no gufunga ubwoko.
Kugeza ubu, pompe hydraulic na moteri ya hydraulic yo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi mubikoresho bya hydrostatike ikoresha cyane cyane guhuza imashini.
Ubwoko bwa mashini yo guhuza ibikoresho byo gukwirakwiza ibikoresho bifite ibikoresho bizunguruka, isahani ya plaque cyangwa igicapo cyerekanwe hamwe na shaft nkuru yibigize, kandi ikwirakwizwa ryamazi rigizwe nigice gihagaze nigice cyimuka.
Ibice bihagaze bitangwa ahantu rusange bihujwe nicyambu kinini kandi gito cyamavuta ya peteroli yibigize, kandi ibice byimukanwa bihabwa idirishya ryogukwirakwiza gutemba kuri buri silinderi.
Iyo igice cyimukanwa gifatanye nigice gihagaze kandi kigenda, amadirishya ya buri silinderi azajya ahinduranya hamwe n’umuvuduko mwinshi kandi muto ku gice gihagaze, kandi amavuta azamenyekana cyangwa asohore.
Gufungura gufunga no gufunga uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza idirishya ryikwirakwizwa, umwanya muto wo kwishyiriraho hamwe nigikorwa cyo hejuru cyo kunyerera ugereranije imirimo yose ituma bidashoboka gutondekanya kashe yoroheje cyangwa yoroheje hagati yikigice gihagaze nigice cyimukanwa.
Ifunzwe rwose na firime yamavuta yuburebure bwa micron murwego rwo gutandukanya "gukwirakwiza indorerwamo" zikomeye nkindege zuzuye neza, imibumbe, silinderi cyangwa ubuso bwa conic, aribwo kashe.
Kubwibyo, haribisabwa cyane murwego rwo gutoranya no gutunganya ibintu bibiri byo kugabana. Muri icyo gihe, icyiciro cyo gukwirakwiza idirishya ryigikoresho cyo gukwirakwiza ibikoresho nacyo kigomba guhuzwa neza nu mwanya uhindagurika wuburyo buteza imbere plunger kurangiza icyerekezo cyo gusubiranamo kandi gifite imbaraga zifatika zo gukwirakwiza.
Ibi nibisabwa byibanze kubintu byujuje ubuziranenge bya plunger kandi birimo tekinoroji yibanze yo gukora. Ibikoresho nyamukuru bikoreshwa muburyo bwo gukwirakwiza ibikoresho bikoreshwa muri kijyambere ya plunger hydraulic ibice ni ugusaranganya imigezi yanyuma no gukwirakwiza shaft.
Ubundi buryo nka slide valve ubwoko na silinderi trunnion swing ubwoko ntibikoreshwa.
Gukwirakwiza isura ya nyuma nabyo byitwa gukwirakwiza axial. Umubiri nyamukuru ni urutonde rwubwoko bwa plaque rotary valve, igizwe nisahani isaranganya cyangwa igororotse hamwe nudusanduku tubiri tumeze nkukwezi kwometse kumaso yanyuma ya silinderi hamwe nu mwobo wo gukwirakwiza.
Byombi bizunguruka ugereranije nindege perpendicular kuri shitingi ya drake, kandi imyanya ijyanye na noti kuri plaque ya valve no gufungura kumaso yanyuma ya silinderi bitunganijwe hakurikijwe amategeko amwe.
Kugirango silinderi ya plunger mumazi ya peteroli cyangwa igitutu cyamavuta irashobora guhinduranya uburyo bwo guswera hamwe nibisohoka byamavuta kumubiri wa pompe, kandi mugihe kimwe birashobora guhora byemeza ko byigunga kandi bigashyirwaho kashe hagati yibyumba bisohora amavuta;
Ikwirakwizwa rya Axial ryitwa kandi gukwirakwiza radiyo. Ihame ryakazi ryayo risa niy'impera yanyuma yo gukwirakwiza ibikoresho byo gukwirakwiza, ariko ni imiterere ya valve izengurutswe igizwe na volve igereranya izenguruka hamwe na valve, kandi ifata silindrike cyangwa yapanze gato kuzenguruka hejuru yikwirakwizwa.
Kugirango byorohereze guhuza no gufata neza ibikoresho byo guteranya ibice byo kugabana ibice, rimwe na rimwe bisimbuzwa umurongo) cyangwa bushing byashyizwe mubikoresho bibiri byavuzwe haruguru.
Ubwoko butandukanye bwo gufungura no gufunga byitwa kandi intebe ya valve ubwoko bwogukwirakwiza ibikoresho. Ifite ibyuma byicara byubwoko bwa cheque ya valve kumurongo winjira no gusohoka muri buri silinderi ya plunger, kugirango amavuta ashobore gutembera gusa mucyerekezo kimwe no gutandukanya umuvuduko mwinshi kandi muto. umwobo w'amavuta.
Iki gikoresho cyo gukwirakwiza ibintu gifite imiterere yoroshye, imikorere myiza yo gufunga, kandi irashobora gukora munsi yumuvuduko mwinshi.
Nyamara, ihame ryumuvuduko utandukanye wo gufungura no gufunga bituma ubu bwoko bwa pompe butagira ihinduka ryo guhindura imikorere ya moteri, kandi ntishobora gukoreshwa nka pompe nyamukuru ya hydraulic muri sisitemu yumuzingi ifunze igikoresho cya hydrostatike.
Gufungura no gufunga ubwoko bwimibare igenzura solenoid valve nigikoresho cyambere cyo gukwirakwiza ibintu byagaragaye mumyaka yashize. Irashiraho kandi valve ihagarara kumavuta yinjira no gusohoka muri buri silinderi ya plunger, ariko ikoreshwa na electromagnet yihuta igenzurwa nigikoresho cya elegitoroniki, kandi buri valve irashobora gutemba mubyerekezo byombi.
Ihame ryibanze ryakazi rya pompe (moteri) hamwe no gukwirakwiza imibare: umuvuduko mwinshi wa solenoid valves 1 na 2 bikurikirana kugenzura icyerekezo cyamavuta mumazu yo hejuru ya silinderi ya plunger.
Iyo valve cyangwa valve byafunguwe, silinderi ya plunger ihujwe numuvuduko muke cyangwa umuvuduko ukabije wumurongo, kandi ibikorwa byabo byo gufungura no gufunga nicyiciro cyo kuzenguruka gipimwa nigikoresho cyo kugenzura imibare 9 ukurikije itegeko ryo kugenzura no kwinjiza (ibisohoka) shaft rotation angle sensor 8 Igenzurwa nyuma yo gukemura.
Leta yerekanwe kuri iki gishushanyo ni imiterere yimikorere ya pompe hydraulic ifunga valve kandi urugereko rukora rwa silinderi ya plunger rutanga amavuta kumuzunguruko mwinshi unyuze mumashanyarazi.
Kubera ko idirishya risanzwe ryogukwirakwiza idirishya ryasimbujwe numuvuduko mwinshi wa solenoid valve ishobora guhindura muburyo bwubusa umubano wo gufungura no gufunga, irashobora kugenzura neza igihe cyo gutanga amavuta nicyerekezo gitemba.
Ntabwo ifite ibyiza gusa byo guhinduranya ubwoko bwimikorere ihuza imashini no gutemba kwinshi gutandukanya itandukaniro ryubwoko no gufunga, ariko kandi ifite umurimo wo kumenya ibyerekezo byombi bidafite intambwe ihindagurika mugukomeza guhindura inkoni nziza ya plunger.
Ubwoko bugenzurwa numubare wo gukwirakwiza ubwoko bwa plunger pompe na moteri bigizwe na byo bifite imikorere myiza, byerekana icyerekezo cyingenzi cyiterambere cyibikoresho bya plunger hydraulic mugihe kizaza.
Byumvikane ko, intego yo gukoresha ikoreshwa rya tekinoroji yo gukwirakwiza ikoreshwa rya tekinoroji ni ugushiraho ubuziranenge bwo hejuru, imbaraga nkeya-yihuta ya solenoid valves hamwe na software yizewe igenzura ibikoresho hamwe nibikoresho.
Nubwo nta sano ihari ikenewe ihuza ibikoresho byo gukwirakwiza ibintu bya hydraulic hydrulic hamwe nuburyo bwo gutwara ibimera muri rusange, muri rusange abantu bemeza ko gukwirakwiza isura ya nyuma bifite aho bihurira nibice bifite umuvuduko mwinshi wakazi. Ibyinshi muri pompe ya piston ya piston na moteri ya piston ikoreshwa cyane ubu ikoresha amaherezo yisaranganya. Imashini ya piston ya radiyo na moteri ikoresha ikwirakwizwa rya shaft no gukwirakwiza isura yanyuma, kandi hariho nibindi bikoresho bikora cyane hamwe no gukwirakwiza shaft. Duhereye ku buryo bw'imiterere, imikorere-yo hejuru yimibare igenzura igikoresho cyo gukwirakwiza irakwiriye cyane kubice bya radial plunger. Ibitekerezo bimwe kubigereranya kuburyo bubiri bwo gukwirakwiza amaherezo-isura yo gukwirakwiza no gukwirakwiza axial. Kubisobanuro, moteri ya cycloidal hydraulic moteri nayo yoherejwe muriyo. Uhereye ku byitegererezo by'icyitegererezo, moteri ya cycloidal hydraulic moteri hamwe no gukwirakwiza isura ya nyuma ifite imikorere iruta iyindi yo kugabura shaft, ariko ibi biterwa no guhagarara kwa nyuma nkibicuruzwa bihendutse kandi bigakoresha uburyo bumwe muri meshing couple, gushyigikira shafting nibindi Ibigize. Kworoshya imiterere nizindi mpamvu ntibisobanura ko hari itandukaniro rinini hagati yimikorere yimpera yisaranganya ryisaranganya no gukwirakwiza shaft ubwayo.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-21-2022