Umuyoboro wa karubone: Igitabo cyuzuye

Imiyoboro ya karubone iri mubikoresho bikoreshwa cyane munganda. Hamwe no kuramba kwabo, imbaraga zabo, hamwe nibyiza, nibyiza gukoreshwa muburyo butandukanye. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzaguha ibisobanuro byuzuye kuri imiyoboro ya karuboni, harimo imitungo yabo, ubwoko, na porogaramu.

1. IRIBURIRO

Imiyoboro ya karubone ni ubwoko bwimiyoboro yibyuma irimo karubone nkikintu cyibanze cyambere. Iyi miyoboro ikorwa mukuvanga karubone, icyuma, nibindi bikoresho, noneho bigakorerwa inzira zitandukanye zo gukora kugirango zitere imiyoboro idafite ikirenga cyangwa isusurutsa. Imiyoboro ya karubone ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zinyuranye kubera imbaraga zabo, kuramba, no kwerekanwa.

2. Ibyuma bya karubone ni iki?

Icyuma cya karubone ni ubwoko bw'icyuma kirimo karubone nk'ibanze nk'igikorwa cyambere, hamwe n'ibindi bintu nk'ibindi bintu nka Manganese, sulfuru, na fosifore, na fosifore, na fosifore, na fosifore, na fosifore, na fosifore, na fosifore, na fosifore, na fosifore, na fosifore, na fosifore, na fosifore, na fosifore, na fosifore, na fosifore, na fosifore, na fosifore, na fosifore, na fosifore, na fosifore, na fosifore na fosifore. Icyuma cya karubone cyashyizwe mu byiciro bine by'ingenzi bishingiye kubirimo bya karubone: ibyuma bike, icyuma giciriritse, ibyuma biciriritse, ibyuma byinshi, na ultra-byinshi bya karubone. Ibirimo bya karubone muri karubone ibyuma birashobora gutandukana kuva kuri 0.05% kugeza 2%.

3. Imitungo ya karubone

Imiyoboro ya karubone ifite imitungo myinshi ituma ikwiye gukoreshwa muburyo butandukanye. Iyi mitungo irimo:

• Imbaraga: Imiyoboro y'ibyuma ya karubone irakomeye kandi iramba, izaba nziza kugirango ikoreshwe muri Porogaramu yumuvuduko mwinshi.
• Gukomera: Imiyoboro ya karuboni iragoye kuruta ibindi bikoresho byinshi, bikaba bituma barwanya kwambara no gutanyagura.
• Umuyoboro: Imiyoboro ya karubone ifite ibara kandi irashobora kumera ntamennye, bigatuma bikwiranye no gukoresha muburyo butandukanye.
• Kurwanya ruswa: Imiyoboro y'ibyuma ya karubone ifite imiterere yo kurwanya ruswa, cyane cyane iyo batwikiriye urwego rukinze.
• Ubushuhe: Imiyoboro ya karuboni irashobora gusudira byoroshye no guhimba, bikaba bikwirakwira mu nganda zitandukanye.

4. Ubwoko bwa karubone ibyuma

Hariho ubwoko butatu bwingenzi bwa karubone ibyuma:

Ibyuma bya karubone

Imiyoboro idafite ibyuma ya karubone ikorwa mugutobora igice gifatika cya karubone, icyo gihe gishyushye kandi kizunguruka kugirango gikore umuyoboro wuzuye. Imiyoboro idafite imbaraga irakomera kandi iramba kuruta imiyoboro isukuye, ariko nayo ihenze.

Erw carbone ibyuma

Amashanyarazi yasuye (ERW) imiyoboro ya karubone yakozwe muguhindura urupapuro rwa karubone mu muyoboro no gusudira impande hamwe. Imiyoboro ya erw irahendutse kandi yoroshye gukora kuruta imiyoboro idafite imiyoboro, ariko nanone na bo bafite intege nke kandi ntiramba.

Lsaw karubone ibyuma

LongituDinal yazimiye arc isudi (lsaw) imiyoboro ya karubone ikorwa muguhuza isahani yicyuma mumiterere ya silindrike hamwe no gusudira impande hamwe ukoresheje inzira yo kurengana ya arc. Lsaw imiyoboro irakomeye kandi iramba kuruta imiyoboro ya erw, ariko nabo

bihenze cyane.

5. Igikorwa cyo gukora cya karubone

Igikorwa cyo gukora cya karuboni ibyuma cya karubone kirimo intambwe nyinshi, harimo:

Ibikoresho fatizo

Intambwe yambere muburyo bwo gukora imiyoboro ya karuboni ni ukusanya ibikoresho fatizo. Ibi bikoresho birimo intwari, Coke, na hekeste.

Gushonga no guta

Ibikoresho fatizo bishonga mu itanura ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru, kandi icyuma cyashongeshejwe gisuka mu butaka bwo gukora ibyuma bikomeye.

Kuzunguruka

Billet ikomeye cyane irazunguruka mu turunga zuzuye ukoresheje urusyo ruzunguruka. Inzira yo kuzunguruka ikubiyemo gukoresha igitutu kuri Billet ukoresheje urukurikirane rw'umubiri kugeza rugeze ku bunini n'ugari.

Gusudira

Kubasudira ibimuga bya karubi, umuyoboro wa hollow urasuye ukoresheje imwe muburyo bwo gusudira, nka HRW cyangwa Lsaw.

Kuvura ubushyuhe

Intambwe yanyuma muburyo bwo gukora ibyuma bya karubone ni kuvura ubushyuhe. Iyi nzira ikubiyemo gushyushya imiyoboro yubushyuhe bwinshi hanyuma ikonja buhoro kugirango kunoza imbaraga no kuramba.

6. Gusaba imiyoboro ya karubone

Imiyoboro ya karubone ikoreshwa muburyo butandukanye bwinganda na Porogaramu, harimo:

Inganda za peteroli na gaze

Imiyoboro ya karubone ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda za peteroli na gaze yo gutwara peteroli, gaze, nandi mazi hejuru yintera ndende.

Inganda za shimi

Imiyoboro ya karubone ikoreshwa mumiti yimiti yo gutwara imiti nibindi bikoresho byangiza.

Ibimera byo gutunganya amazi

Imiyoboro ya karubone ikoreshwa mu bimera byo gutunganya amazi yo gutwara amazi n'andi mazi.

Inganda zubwubatsi

Imiyoboro ya karubone ikoreshwa mu nganda zubwubatsi kugirango yubake inzego nk'inyubako, ibiraro, na tunel.

Inganda zimodoka

Imiyoboro ya karubone ikoreshwa munganda zimodoka kugirango ukore ibice bitandukanye nka sisitemu ya farue na chassis.

7. Ibyiza bya karubone ibyuma

Imiyoboro ya karubone itanga ibyiza byinshi, harimo:

• Kuramba: Imiyoboro ya karuboni irakomeye kandi iramba, izaba ifite intego yo gukoresha muburyo butandukanye.
• Kwerekana: Imiyoboro ya karubone iraryoha kuruta ibindi bikoresho byinshi, bituma biba byiza kugirango bikoreshwe mumishinga minini.
• Ubushuhe: Imiyoboro ya karuboni irashobora gusudira byoroshye, bikaba bikwirakwira mugukoresha muburyo butandukanye.

8. Ibibi bya karubone ibyuma

Nubwo bafite ibyiza byinshi, imiyoboro y'ibyuma ya karubone nayo ifite ibibi, harimo:

• Ruswa: Imiyoboro y'ibyuma ya karuboni irashobora guterana igihe, cyane cyane niba idahinduwe neza hamwe no kurinda urwego rukingira.
• Bretle: Imiyoboro y'ibyuma ya karubone irashobora gutontoma ahantu hato, bishobora kubatera gucana cyangwa kuruhuka.
• Iremereye: Imiyoboro ya karuboni iremereye kuruta ibindi bikoresho, bishobora gutuma bigora gutwara no kwinjizamo.

9. Kubungabunga imiyoboro ya karubone

Kugirango ubehomba kandi urambye ya karubone yimiyoboro ya karubone, kubungabunga neza ni ngombwa. Ibi birimo ubugenzuzi buri gihe, isuku, no gukingira hamwe no gukumira ruswa.

10. Ingaruka y'ibidukikije ya karubone ibyuma

Umusaruro no gukoresha imiyoboro y'ibyuma bya karubone birashobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku bidukikije, harimo no gusohora imyuka ya parike no guta umutungo kamere. Guhuza izi ngaruka, abakora barushijeho gukoresha imigenzo irambye kandi bakoresheje ibikoresho byatunganijwe mu gukora imiyoboro y'ibyuma bya karubone.

11. UMWANZURO

Ibikoresho bya karubone ni ibintu bisobanutse kandi biramba byakoreshwa cyane munganda nuburyo butandukanye. Hamwe nibyiza byabo nibibi, ni ngombwa gusuzuma witonze ibikenewe muri buri mushinga mbere yo guhitamo umuyoboro w'icyuma wa karubone.